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Research Cooperator Discussion, Feb. 7, 2002
The Past, Present and Future of the PFI Farming Systems Network

New and experienced cooperators helped set direction for the farming systems program.  Here Dave Jackson, North English, offers a comment.

As described in The Practical Farmer, winter 2002, the annual spring planning meeting for PFI research cooperators featured a far-ranging discussion about this 15-year-old program.  The staff and leadership of PFI really wanted the perspectives of cooperators on what is of most value and what could be improved.  The notes below are from the discussion that took place.  These are the bullet points as recorded on the flip charts.  Some of the bullets are pretty cryptic.  Visit with a PFI cooperator who attended, or contact coordinator Rick Exner if you find yourself stuck on a phrase or you would like to continue the discussion. 

Research Publication

People are used to research in the newsletter.
People want pictures/diagrams via website.
Overview in newsletter – direct people to more in-depth but tell oversights of research.

Financial Support for Cooperators

Evaluate time involved; some projects take much longer than others – compensate accordingly.
Field day attendance should not be tied to payment.
Having compensation adds to the protocol. Quality – give and get arrangement.
PFI farmers should get a chunk of grant money through proposals.
Farmers that DO the research are paid – write it into the grant.
If it is YOUR research topic that you want to do – not so important to compensate; but if it is someone else’s research, asking you to cooperate – more important then.
Farmer shouldn’t get bulk of money – farmer cooperators – We do what we do for the greater good of PFI.
Critical that we don’t turn cooperator research into income. If it is small compensation then that it keeps it objective.
Just make sure farmers aren’t stressed because of research involvement.
Overhaul research reporting form (Robb De Haan has some feedback for this).

Publication of Research

1) Newsletter?
2) Other ways?
Was an improvement to have research in newsletters
Somewhat cryptic now – background of farm /more interaction/explanation with it
Give summary of whole operation (farm)
U of MN – had abstract and in-depth explanations
Group projects together in booklet form
Better way than newsletter summaries
Newsletter is not a research manual – the availability of an in-depth booklet should be emphasized
ATTRA – highlights of research – then can order in depth
have past research available to order – INDEX enlightens how much research has been done
Have cooperators write their own in-depth explanation
Partner with ATTRA to get PFI research out
How to package in summary form – get it into people’s hands that need to see it – value of real data is so important
Like the OFRF report of organic yields had a tremendous impact
If want details can get full story
Organic community is more electronically connected
Even if they have e-mail doesn’t mean that is how they want their e-mail
Partner with Extension Office

Field Days

Community Days – open house for public, even if no research was happening.
    5 were held; well received
    30-80 range in attendance
    Feedback – came though personal invite, field day guides,
    Flyers press/media was not a strong factor, many were already members
    Open House – steady stream – but no large group audience
As we call and ask them to rejoin, remind them to attend field days
Attract and KEEP members – Educational and Social and Network
What is the definition of success? What are criteria? Attendance, other
Co-host with local organic chapter – grain quality combine adjustment very successful
OCIA partnerships or field days – success and more potential

Field Days to build PFI membership

We have a list of 1000’s of field day participants who aren’t members – how do we reach them to get them to join?
People need personal contact – district lists to make personal contact.
Membership Campaign – more creative ways to join
When explaining research – explain membership benefits
Need “why join PFI” literature/brochure targeted to different audiences
Need a targeted group to work on membership
Cutting edge draws a good crowd
“Blood attracts” – always that on the cutting edge
People have more interest in whole farm system – not as much about research
Single topics don’t attract; have a diversity of things – share the whole farm
Publicity: small town newspapers need us to write for them to share choices of other outside PFI members –  more credibility
PFI staff could write articles for statewide distribution
May be part of new communications plan
What is the purpose of the Field Days?
Wanted to see what I am doing; & why, and what I want to accomplish (other farmers)
Credibility is a big issue – if they have the opportunity, if you welcome people to come, even if they don’t come (PFI gains some credibility)
Use field days to education neighbors
Tie into CSA members into the field day for their visit
Education opportunity for research, systems, alternatives – for farmers and all others
Statistically there are more members in the areas we have cooperators – maybe cooperators are building local membership
PFI needs to spend an hour or two with cooperators teaching them about phrasing. How to reach people
2-page reminder of phrases – don’t need to pontificate, just explain what works for you
    ie, don’t use “should”; it will turn them off – be more objective

Research

Broaden agenda ie: on-farm marketing, using similar methods connecting with consumers
Prioritize & cluster research, it will leverage more funding
Look at other funding mechanism – OFRF $15,000 grants, 2 cycles, 2 types, science 1, ed 2
    i.e. grass finishing vs. grain finishing
Do we have a systematic way to determine what the members’ needs are?
We have to be where the money isn’t; University and commercial $ are on different sheet – We need recognition and financial support to do what needs to be done out of mainstream
Strength of PFI is in our diversity and we can bring these to each other
How do we prioritize things that work holistically together? – need them all addressed
District meetings/surveys to find members’ needs to drive our agenda
Make info available even if it is not a research project
Call people up – Something more than meetings will contact the most people
Does Extension have insight? – Maybe
If going to the effort to call or survey – get some long term involvement/directions
Do cooperators/leadership represent membership? Survey will help you find this out

Research Needs/Topics

PFI Farmers have initiated these ideas and university has followed

Focus Areas versus Producer Priorities for Research Topics

Some of both – focus areas and other research
Would be a terrible mistake to allow ISU to tell us what to research
We need to identify our priorities and that is what we focus on.
Two-way street with ISU; when they do something relevant to us, we partner with them
All scattered (topics) and on-farm may mean that we lose some credibility
We need to have a balance – multiple sites important
Don’t stifle creativity
Similar discussion to SARE (priority areas – but flexible)
Prioritize, but don’t exclude
w/a priority – longer term, ISU funding
When we come to a collective conclusion on some topics – publications – systems approach – put money and  resources into new areas
Need to look at a systems approach
    i.e. genetics, age, bedding, in hoops for example
Group and plan as a systems approach – stair step idea
Cooperators Grants could increase with groups of producers and systems approach
Research is based on interest and needs of PFI but when money is available on a specific topic – tentative situation. When money drives research, we lose


Cooperator/Research

ISU isn’t always where you go for information
i.e.: don’t have organics info; that research occurs elsewhere
Little “o” word = organic practices on farm (a PFI strength)
Big “O” word = organic certification, rules, marketing B
Came through OCIA and others – (less a PFI priority)
Glad that PFI has branched out into marketing research
Need Cooperators Guide Book – learning curve is steep
Need better protocol on who is responsible for what –  make expectations clear
Hoops/compost had excellent support from ISU. Honeyman and others were very helpful
What worked in other states with their research and collaborators
Mentor role for experienced cooperators to help new folks

Research Focus

Two Types; sometimes overlap

1) University asks PFI to partner for grant
2) Farmer driven

Becoming a Cooperator

Image is important (PFI must be selective)
Shortage of cooperators?
Cooperator in every county?
Need to maintain integrity and overall outlook of PFI
When taking “green cooperators – an educational process. Exposes them to new ways and now have the opportunity to read and interpret data > continual education of own members
New cooperator joined through PFI member field day
When still conventionally-involved, sometimes feel left out of process/out of place
How big of scope do we want to have in membership?
Definition of Practical and Sustainable is different for everyone
Either way research done objectively--
Topics a way to recruit

Technical Support/Training

Go back and look at mistakes – have been led naively into some non-credible practices
We don’t always get the practical advice we are looking for
Be very careful what we tell people
Be cautious what we give people as tools
Need feedback loops to review

Becoming a Cooperator

Credibility of PFI as presented by Cooperator
Need to know that person in a local sense
Some cooperators and trials have done more harm than good
Worth all of the pain to screen and develop protocol – everything at risk to future credibility/image of PFI
Candidates need to be from where we see PFI going in future
Board responsibility to keep best interest and perspectives of organization at our heart
Board has been less hands-on than in early years of PFI
Knowing the individual and their farm system important
Application and Board review?
Some unlikely PFI cooperators have really grown through the process – need to keep this in mind.
Travel to visit potential cooperators
Look at previous cooperators – see where they are at; if still farming; have they impacted other local members?
Avenues of access to those out there that may be interested
Are we missing people? What is the way to access potential to be a cooperator?
Extension have recommended cooperators & other recommendations
Left/Right issue – some automatic sorting/selecting PFI stays a couple years ahead on topics as they change – not interest areas change
A two-step deal
Farm visit is necessary.
Image of the cooperator is important.

Benefits/Goals of On-Farm

Solve problems on farm
Broke down / removed barriers to make management more creative
Scientific credibility
Sharing with other farmers
Problem solving
Answered questions – when no other research was available
Developed protocals/built confidence
Provided structure, replications
Research which emphasis is not for corporate/product development
Provided bridge to University/Scientific Community
Public relations too/to convince that this agriculture works
Chance to interact with ISU researchers – good learning experience for all involved
Collective knowledge of this Cooperators Group
    Farmer to Farmer networking and knowledge
        Young farmers have a group of sustainable farmers to ask questions of
        Provided a structure to see your farm as a complete system; 
            from a component to a systems-based focus
        Focal point – year after year
    Accountability – doing it for a group
        Field Days exposure – encouraged young and established farmers meet those in 
            sustainable agriculture

Miscellaneous Comments

New concept of farmers teaching courses has taken off and being compensated
Take what we are learning – what have we learned – get it out to the people who need it
Need more hands-on classes; led by farmers
Pair farmers with university at field labs – introduction to agriculture courses – an effective format – good educational tool
ISU/Neely-Kinyon Farm – wouldn’t be where it is today without the influence of PFI
More opportunities with research farms
Research takes time; manpower. Can we utilize internships and mentorships for research projects, partly paid by ISU?